Nitazoxanide

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Therapeutic Indication

Giardiasis (Giardia lamblia infection)
Amoebiasis (Entamoeba histolytica infection)
Cryptosporidiosis (Cryptosporidium parvum infection)
Helminth infestations (roundworm, pinworm, hookworm)
Adjunct therapy in mixed protozoal infections
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Nitazoxanide

Tablet

Nitazoxanide is a broad-spectrum antiprotozoal and anthelmintic agent. It is effective against Giardia, Entamoeba, Cryptosporidium, and several helminths. It works by interfering with the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase enzyme-dependent electron transfer reaction essential to anaerobic metabolism.

Speciality General Medicine | Gastroenterology | Infectious Diseases
Tags Antiprotozoal | Anthelmintic | Anti-infective
Strength
  • 500 mg
Packing Size
  • 10 Tablets

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Mechanism

Nitazoxanide inhibits the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase enzyme-dependent electron transfer reaction, disrupting anaerobic energy metabolism in protozoa and helminths, leading to parasite death.

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Rapidly absorbed orally; enhanced with food.
  • Distribution: Widely distributed; plasma protein binding ~99%.
  • Metabolism: Rapidly hydrolyzed to tizoxanide (active metabolite).
  • Elimination: Excreted in urine and bile.
  • Half-life: ~3.5 hours (tizoxanide metabolite).

Side Effects

  • Abdominal pain
  • Nausea
  • Diarrhea
  • Headache
  • Discolored urine (benign)

Contraindication

  • Hypersensitivity to Nitazoxanide
  • Severe hepatic impairment
  • Pregnancy and lactation (use with caution)

Interaction

  • Warfarin (may alter INR)
  • Other antiprotozoal agents (additive effect)
  • Food enhances absorption

Warning and Precautions

  • Use under medical supervision only
  • Administer with food for optimal absorption
  • Caution in hepatic impairment

Dosage

As directed by the Physician.