Miglitol Tablets

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Therapeutic Indication

Type II Diabetes Mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Monotherapy or in combination with sulfonylureas
Reduction of postprandial hyperglycemia
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Miglitol

Tablet

Miglitol is an oral alpha-glucosidase inhibitor used to manage Type II diabetes mellitus. It delays carbohydrate digestion and absorption, thereby reducing postprandial blood glucose levels and improving glycemic control.

Speciality Antidiabetic | Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
Tags Diabetology | Endocrinology | General Medicine
Strength
  • 25 mg
  • 50 mg
  • 100 mg
Packing Size
  • 10 Tablets

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Mechanism

Miglitol reversibly inhibits intestinal α-glucosidase enzymes in the brush border of the small intestine. This delays the breakdown of complex carbohydrates into glucose, slowing absorption and reducing postprandial hyperglycemia. Unlike sulfonylureas, it does not stimulate insulin secretion, minimizing hypoglycemia risk.

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Saturable; peak plasma levels in 2–3 hours
  • Distribution: Negligible protein binding; Vd ~0.18 L/kg
  • Metabolism: Not metabolized in humans
  • Elimination: Excreted unchanged in urine

Side Effects

  • Flatulence
  • Diarrhea
  • Abdominal pain
  • Rare: Skin rash, elevated liver enzymes

Contraindication

  • Hypersensitivity to Miglitol
  • Chronic intestinal diseases (e.g., IBD, obstruction)
  • Severe renal impairment

Interaction

  • Enhanced hypoglycemic effect with sulfonylureas
  • May reduce absorption of certain drugs when taken with carbohydrate-rich meals

Warning and Precautions

  • Monitor renal function in patients with kidney disease
  • GI side effects common due to undigested carbohydrates
  • Not recommended in pregnancy or lactation unless clearly needed

Dosage

As directed by the Physician.