Empagliflozin + Linagliptin Tablets

Mechanism

Empagliflozin: Inhibits sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) in kidneys → reduces glucose reabsorption → lowers blood sugar.
Linagliptin: Inhibits DPP-4 enzyme → increases incretin hormones → enhances insulin secretion and reduces hepatic glucose production.

Pharmacokinetics

• Absorption: Rapid oral absorption.
• Distribution: Empagliflozin acts in renal tubules; Linagliptin widely distributed.
• Metabolism: Primarily hepatic metabolism.
• Elimination: Renal excretion.
• Half-life: Empagliflozin ~12 hrs; Linagliptin ~12 hrs.

Side Effects

• Nausea, diarrhea, stomach upset
• Headache, dizziness
• Urinary tract infections (Empagliflozin)
• Rare: hypoglycemia (with other antidiabetics)

Contraindication

• Type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis
• Severe kidney or liver impairment
• Hypersensitivity to Empagliflozin or Linagliptin
• Pregnancy & breastfeeding (use with caution)

Interaction

• Other antidiabetics: Risk of hypoglycemia when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas.
• Diuretics: May increase risk of dehydration and hypotension.
• CYP3A4 inducers: Can reduce Linagliptin efficacy.

Warning and Precautions

• Not for type 1 diabetes or ketoacidosis.
• Monitor kidney and liver function during therapy.
• Use cautiously in elderly patients due to dehydration risk.
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult a doctor before use.
• Store below 30°C in a cool, dry, dark place; keep out of reach of children.

Dosage

As directed by the Physician.