Cephalexin Tablets

Mechanism

Cephalexin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin‑binding proteins, leading to cell lysis and death. It is effective against Gram‑positive cocci and some Gram‑negative organisms.

Pharmacokinetics

• Absorption: Well absorbed orally; extended release provides sustained plasma concentrations.
• Bioavailability: ~90–95%.
• Distribution: Widely distributed in body tissues and fluids; moderate protein binding (~10–15%).
• Metabolism: Minimally metabolized; primarily excreted unchanged.
• Excretion: Eliminated via renal excretion; ~80–90% excreted unchanged in urine.
• Half-life: ~1–2 hours; extended release formulation prolongs therapeutic levels.

Side Effects

• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Rash
• Hypersensitivity reactions

Contraindication

• Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins or penicillins
• Severe renal impairment (dose adjustment required)

Interaction

• Probenecid (reduces renal clearance)
• Warfarin (may enhance anticoagulant effect)

Warning and Precautions

• Use under medical supervision
• Adjust dose in renal impairment
• Monitor for allergic reactions

Dosage

As directed by the Physician.