Azathioprine Tablets

Therapeutic Indication

Organ transplantation (to prevent rejection)

Autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, lupus)

Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis)

Dermatological autoimmune conditions

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Azathioprine

Tablet

Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive agent used to prevent organ transplant rejection and treat autoimmune diseases. It works by inhibiting purine synthesis, thereby reducing lymphocyte proliferation and immune response. Azathioprine is widely prescribed in transplantation medicine and chronic inflammatory disorders.

Speciality	Immunosuppressant
Tags	Immunosuppressant \| Autoimmune \| Transplant Medicine
Strength	25 mg 50 mg
Packing Size	10 Tablets

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Mechanism

Azathioprine is converted to 6-mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine synthesis. This reduces DNA and RNA synthesis, suppressing proliferation of T and B lymphocytes, thereby lowering immune activity.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Rapid oral absorption
Distribution: Widely distributed, crosses placenta
Metabolism: Hepatic metabolism to 6-mercaptopurine
Elimination: Renal excretion
Half-life: ≈ 3–5 hours

Side Effects

Bone marrow suppression (leukopenia, anemia)
Nausea and vomiting
Hepatotoxicity
Increased infection risk
Rare: pancreatitis

Contraindication

Pregnancy (teratogenic risk)
Hypersensitivity to Azathioprine
Severe bone marrow suppression

Interaction

Allopurinol (increases toxicity by inhibiting metabolism)
ACE inhibitors (risk of anemia/leukopenia)
Warfarin (reduced anticoagulant effect)
Other immunosuppressants (additive effects)

Warning and Precautions

Monitor complete blood counts regularly
Monitor liver function during therapy
Use cautiously in patients with TPMT deficiency
Increased risk of malignancy with long-term use