Artesunate, Sulfadoxine & Pyrimethamine Tablet

Therapeutic Indication

Acute Malaria

Resistant Plasmodium falciparum

Mixed Malaria Infections

Chemoprophylaxis

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Artesunate + Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine

Tablet

Artesunate is an antimalarial agent and has a rapid and potent schizonticidal activity against malaria parasites. It is a water-soluble hemisuccinate derivative of dihydroartemisinin.
Sulfadoxine and Pyrimethamine act by reciprocal potentiation of its two components, achieved by a sequential blockage of two enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of folic acid in parasites. Artesunate + Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine Tablets are a treatment for all forms of malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae.

Speciality	Antimalarial Combination \| Rapid Parasite Clearance \| Folate Pathway Blockade
Tags	Artesunate \| Sulfadoxine \| Pyrimethamine \| Malaria Treatment \| Antimalarial Therapy
Strength	A. 3 Suphadoxine & Pyrimethamine Tablets Each uncoated tablet contains Pyrimethamine 25 mg Sulphadoxine 500 mg B. 12 Artesunate Tablets Each Uncoated Tablet Contains Artesunate 50 mg
Packing Size	10 Tablets

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Mechanism

Artesunate rapidly kills malaria parasites by generating reactive oxygen species. Sulfadoxine and Pyrimethamine act synergistically to block folic acid synthesis in parasites, preventing DNA replication and cell division.

Pharmacokinetics

Artesunate: Rapid absorption, short half-life (~1 hr), metabolized to dihydroartemisinin, excreted via urine/bile
Sulfadoxine: Long half-life (~7–9 days), excreted unchanged in urine
Pyrimethamine: Half-life ~80–95 hrs, metabolized in liver, excreted via urine
Combination: Ensures rapid parasite clearance and sustained suppression

Side Effects

Mild gastrointestinal discomfort.
Rare allergic reactions to specific vitamins or minerals.
Excessive intake may cause hypervitaminosis.

Contraindication

Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides or artemisinin derivatives
Severe renal or hepatic impairment
Pregnancy (use only if benefits outweigh risks)
Folate deficiency

Interaction

Antifolate drugs: Additive toxicity with methotrexate, trimethoprim
Sulfa drugs: Increased risk of hypersensitivity
Anticonvulsants: May alter pyrimethamine metabolism
Alcohol: May worsen hepatotoxicity

Warning and Precautions

Monitor liver and kidney function during therapy
Risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome with sulfonamides
Use cautiously in G6PD deficiency (risk of hemolysis)
Ensure adequate hydration to reduce crystalluria risk
Use with caution in infants and elderly patients

Dosage

As directed by the Dietician.